This is a pictorial history of the phosphor screens used in our cyclotron.
![](https://i0.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_1.jpg?resize=400%2C262)
Fig. 1 First phosphor screen we used, ZnS with Au coating
![](https://i1.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_2.jpg?resize=236%2C400)
Fig. 2 First beam spot photographed (Sept 16, 1999)
![](https://i2.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_3.jpg?resize=400%2C390)
Fig. 3 Spot from chimney based ion source
![](https://i0.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_4.jpg?resize=393%2C400)
Fig. 4 vertical betatron motion captured
![](https://i2.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_5.jpg?resize=400%2C262)
Fig. 5 Damage to ZnS screen
![](https://i0.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_6.jpg?resize=400%2C266)
Fig. 6 Home made P22 Phosphor screens ! Very uniform coating.
![](https://i2.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_7.jpg?resize=326%2C400)
Fig. 7 The P22 phosphor screen can resolve individual turns
![](https://i1.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_8.jpg?resize=400%2C266)
Fig. 8 The beam was so intense the the P22 illuminated Tim's face through a viewport
![](https://i0.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_9.jpg?resize=400%2C382)
Fig. 9 Damage to P22 screen slightly visible under room light
![](https://i0.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_10.jpg?resize=400%2C266)
Fig. 10 Damage to P22 screen obvious under UV light
![](https://i0.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_11.jpg?resize=400%2C262)
Fig. 11 Location of beam deflector system in chamber
![](https://i0.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_12.jpg?resize=400%2C262)
Fig. 12 Beam terminates on phosphor screen at end of deflection channel
![](https://i2.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_13.jpg?resize=400%2C262)
Fig. 13 View of phosphor screen at end of deflection channel
![](https://i2.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_14.jpg?resize=400%2C266)
Fig. 14 We've devised a universal mounting system to accommodate many phosphor plates
![](https://i0.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_15.jpg?resize=400%2C262)
Fig. 15 Assortment of phosphor plate arrangements under room light
![](https://i0.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_15a.jpg?resize=400%2C262)
Fig. 16 Assortment of phosphor plate arrangements under UV light
![](https://i2.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_16.jpg?resize=400%2C262)
Fig. 17 View of phosphor screen at end of deflection channel under room light
![](https://i2.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_17.jpg?resize=391%2C400)
Fig. 18 Cyclotron is on: halo indicates beam is approaching...
![](https://i1.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_18.jpg?resize=400%2C395)
Fig. 19 Intense beam on screen!
![](https://i0.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_19.jpg?resize=400%2C378)
Fig. 20 Reducing camera exposure value
![](https://i2.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_19a.jpg?resize=400%2C370)
Fig. 21 Increasing the deflector voltage brings the beam further onto the screen
![](https://i0.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_20.jpg?resize=369%2C400)
Fig. 22 Reducing the camera's EV even more reveals beam structure (multiple turns layers)
![](https://i2.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_21.jpg?resize=400%2C266)
Fig. 23 Damage to P22 screen slightly visible under room light
![](https://i0.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_22.jpg?resize=266%2C400)
Fig. 24 Damage to P22 screen is obvious under UV light
![](https://i0.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_23.jpg?resize=400%2C300)
Fig. 25 A plate to test 6 different phosphors at once
![](https://i0.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_24.jpg?resize=377%2C400)
Fig. 26 Multi-phosphor plate under 10 keV X-ray beam
![](https://i0.wp.com/www.physics.rutgers.edu/cyclotron/images/screens/thumbnails/screen_25.jpg?resize=400%2C389)
Fig. 27 Multi-phosphor plate under 250 keV ion beam